Theogony: Difference between revisions

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{{workUseful Notes}}
{{Infobox book
[[File:chaos_8639.png|link=Total Chaos|frame|In the beginning there was Chaos, and then it only got worse.]]
| title = Theogony
| original title = Θεογονία
| image = chaos_8639.png
[[File:chaos_8639.png |link caption =Total Chaos|frame|In the beginning there was Chaos, and then it only got worse.]]
| author = Hesiod
| central theme =
| elevator pitch = The genealogies of the [[Classical Mythology|Greek gods]]
| genre = Epic poem
| publication date = circa 700 BCE
| source page exists =
| wiki URL =
| wiki name =
}}
{{quote| ''ή τοι μεν πρώτιστα Χάος γένετ' ...''}}
 
As the Muses taught [[Hesiod]], in the beginning there was Chaos - and indeed, this is one of the [[World of Chaos|most chaotic]] texts in the world's literary canon. Written most probably in the 7th century in classical epic dactylic hexameter, it'''''Theogony''''' is mainly a genealogical treatise with not a few elements of theological gossip about which god slept with whom and who was born as a result. 'Theogony' means 'The Origin of Gods', and it is [[Exactly What It Says on the Tin]]. Presenting the whole divine family on one genealogical tree is [http://www.theoi.com/TreeHesiod.html almost] impossible, but the Greeks apparently had little problems with memorizing all the details, as numerous stories from Greek mythology are perfectly consistent with the version of events described in ''Theogony'' (though, to complicate things even more, there is also a rival version written by Pseudo-Apollodorus, known as ''The Library'').
{{quote| ''ή τοι μεν πρώτιστα Χάος γένετ' ...''}}
 
As the Muses taught [[Hesiod]], in the beginning there was Chaos - and indeed, this is one of the [[World of Chaos|most chaotic]] texts in the world's literary canon. Written most probably in the 7th century in classical epic dactylic hexameter, it is mainly a genealogical treatise with not a few elements of theological gossip about which god slept with whom and who was born as a result. 'Theogony' means 'The Origin of Gods', and it is [[Exactly What It Says on the Tin]]. Presenting the whole divine family on one genealogical tree is [http://www.theoi.com/TreeHesiod.html almost] impossible, but the Greeks apparently had little problems with memorizing all the details, as numerous stories from Greek mythology are perfectly consistent with the version of events described in ''Theogony'' (though, to complicate things even more, there is also a rival version written by Pseudo-Apollodorus, known as ''The Library'').
 
To cut a long story short, in the beginning there was not only Chaos but also Gaia (Mother Earth), Tartarus (Ineffably Deep Abyss), and Eros (who in those times resembled rather Will To Procreate than Romantic Love). Then, Gaia gave birth, among other creatures, to Ouranos (Heaven) and Pontus (Sea), both of whom later [[Squick|fathered on her]] many children. This strange family had three main branches:
 
'''1)'''# Descendants of Erebus (Darkness) and Nyx (Night). Those are a mixed bunch: Erebus and Nyx produced Aither (Light) and Hemera (Day). Nyx also had a few children all by herself. They were mainly personifications of depressing concepts like Madness or Strife, but among them were also the Fates, Death, Sleep, Dreams and Sex.
'''2)'''# Children of Pontus (with or without Gaia as a mother). Mainly monsters (with Cerberus, Chimaira and Sphinx among them) and indistinguishable water nymphs, but also [[Everything's Better with Rainbows|Iris]]. The latter was probably the family's [[White Sheep]], her own sisters being Harpies.
 
'''3)'''# Children of Ouranos and Gaia. Cyclopes, who had each only one eye, Hekatoncheires, who had each as many as one hundred hands, and twelve Titans, whose children were later to win the great divine battle for power. Among the descendants of the Titans were the [[Classical Mythology/Characters|Olympians]], rivers, celestial bodies, some personifications, three Fates, and, again, a bunch of indistinguishable water nymphs.
'''2)''' Children of Pontus (with or without Gaia as a mother). Mainly monsters (with Cerberus, Chimaira and Sphinx among them) and indistinguishable water nymphs, but also [[Everything's Better with Rainbows|Iris]]. The latter was probably the family's [[White Sheep]], her own sisters being Harpies.
 
'''3)''' Children of Ouranos and Gaia. Cyclopes, who had each only one eye, Hekatoncheires, who had each as many as one hundred hands, and twelve Titans, whose children were later to win the great divine battle for power. Among the descendants of the Titans were the [[Classical Mythology/Characters|Olympians]], rivers, celestial bodies, some personifications, three Fates, and, again, a bunch of indistinguishable water nymphs.
 
Yes, the Fates appear there twice, and yes, they are the same Fates, because their names are identical in both cases. Two identical sets of Fates look so uncanny that scholars usually believe one of them to be an interpolation.
 
There is also [[Works and Days|another poem]] by this author, but it is considerably less mythological and much more didactic.
----
=== ''Theogony'' exemplifies: ===
 
Not to be confused with [[War in Heaven|Theomachy]].
 
=== {{tropelist|''Theogony'' exemplifies: ===}}
* [[Action Girl]]: Athena and Artemis. The former was not only a [[Lady of War]] but also a [[Genius Bruiser]], and both had particularly impressive [[Virgin Power]].
* [[Almighty Janitor]]: Tartarus. Apparently powerful enough to hold the titans, cyclopes, and hekatoncheires prisoner for eternity, the only thing he ever actually does is sleep with Gaia to father Typhon. Even then, it's Gaia who sets Typhon on Zeus, not Tartarus. Tartarus is apparently content to sit back and enjoy his role as jailor/jail for the gods.
* [[Anthropomorphic Personification]]: Loads of them. Virtually all the primordial divinities were this.
* [[Apron Matron]]: Gaia. She even gave birth to one of her children ([[Mix and Match Critter|Typhoeus]]) only to revenge the previous ones on their father, who thrusted them down into Tartarus. Tartarus himself was the father of Typhoeus, which makes it even more weird.
* [[Badass Family]]: It doesn't come much more Badass then Divine.
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* [[Living Forever Is Awesome]]: For Heracles, especially that he also seems to have been given [[Eternal Love]].
* [[The Long List]]: The children of Oceanus and the daughters of Nereus.
* [[Mythical Motifs]]: ThreeThe [[Gorgeousclassic critters: three Gorgon|Gorgons]], [[Hydra Problem|Hydra]], [[Pegasus]], and a [[Dragon]] (only one, but not a few of his relatives were also more or less dragon-like).
* [[Narrative Poem]]: And one which is [[Older Than Feudalism]].
* [[Nominal Importance]]: Strongly averted. Everyone here has a name, even if he or she doesn't appear anywhere else.
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{{reflist}}
[[Category:Useful Notes{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Classic Literature]]
[[Category:Oral Tradition]]
[[Category:Theogony]]
[[Category:Literature]]
[[Category:Literature of the 7th century BCE]]
[[Category:ClassicGreek Literature]]
[[Category:OralReligious TraditionWorks]]