Roger Rabbit Effect: Difference between revisions

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{{trope}}
[[File:Judgedoom.png|link=Who Framed Roger Rabbit? (Film)|frame]]
 
A special effect intended to show live-action, flesh-and-blood performers interacting with animated characters within the context of a work of fiction. If the story is a [[Comedy Tropes|comedy]], and it usually is, the characters tend to be [[Genre Savvy]] and recognize each other as belonging to either category. This is one of the oldest special effects in Hollywood (the 1914 animated film, ''[[Gertie the Dinosaur]]'', actually had creator [[Winsor McCay]] interacting with animated Gertie in real time ''on a vaudeville stage''), and has been done several times with varying degrees of realism, though it was probably perfected by the 1988 Disney / Amblin film, ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit? (Film)|Who Framed Roger Rabbit?]]''.
 
A sub-category of this trope is any story where cartoon characters are real and exist independently from "real" human beings (which may or may not be set in [[Toon Town]]). Since this is such a visual idea, it's not very common in forms of media that lack a visual aspect, [[Who Censored Roger Rabbit? (Literature)|although the odd duck does exist.]]
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== Advertisements ==
* While most [[Orangina (Advertising)|Orangina]] commercials feature all CGI characters, though they have some that include live-action humans, like this [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nV5vx0yqEo one].
* Those e-surance commercials in which famed pink-haired superspy and [[Perverse Sexual Lust|nerd heartthrob]] Erin Surance "draws" various customers to their auto insurance.
* Many cereal mascots frequently hang out with live-action kids.
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* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-eT0Fk3Edmw That car commercial] featuring [[The Simpsons]].
** That [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX6FXRgcKQc Burger King] one show the opposite.
* It's not so much a commercial, but a 1991 PSA encouraging children to read starring [[An American Tail|Fievel Mousekewitz]] was aired after a showing of ''[[E.T. the Extraterrestrial (Film)Extra-Terrestrial|ET the Extraterrestrial]]''. Fievel suddenly appears in the live-action home of a family that just finished watching the aforementioned movie and tells them all about how great reading is, while various celebrities hi-jack the family's TV, all the while the family acting like it's an [[Unusually Uninteresting Sight]]. The animation was cheaply lifted straight out of ''An American Tail: Fievel Goes West'', and what Fievel is saying doesn't even match up with his mouth movements.
** Also done (arguably much better) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sPvZGp25hWY in a commercial for] ''Fievel Goes West'' on VHS. This time they bothered to use original animation.
* [[Pokémon (Animeanime)|The Team Rocket trio's Meowth]] did this in a Japanese commercial for [[Pokémon Red and Blue (Video Game)|Pokemon Yellow]]. [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iSD0ixlhczY See it here.]
* Many of the commercials for [[Jak and Daxter]] as well as the racing game it later spawned, Jak X: Combat racing, had the titular characters interacting with live action people.
 
 
== Anime and Manga ==
* The opening of ''[[Excel Saga (Animeanime)|Excel Saga]]'' briefly features Excel, Hyatt, Nabeshin, and a few other characters running through a [[Real Life|real-world]] environment. However, they do not interact with any live-action performers.
* ''[[Twilight of the Cockroaches]]'' is a rare Japanese example of the first type of Roger Rabbit Effect. A live action character lives in an apartment with a society of anime roaches.
* The wall calendars for ''[[Yotsubato|Yotsuba&!]]'' feature Yotsuba drawn into color photographs, sometimes interacting with real people.
* {{spoiler|"Mom"}} in ''[[Panty and& Stocking Withwith Garterbelt (Anime)|Panty and Stocking With Garterbelt]]''
 
== Comicbooks ==
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* ''[[Captain Carrot and His Amazing Zoo Crew (Comic Book)|Captain Carrot and His Amazing Zoo Crew]]'', inhabitants of the DC Universe's Earth-C, a [[World of Funny Animals]]. Occasionally, they lend a hand to characters such as [[Superman]] and the [[Teen Titans (Comic Book)|Teen Titans]].
** Just to clear things up, he's not ''[[Discworld|that]]'' Captain Carrot.
* ''Dorothy'', a [[Photo Comic]] adaptation of ''[[The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (Literature)|The Wonderful Wizard of Oz]]'', mixes photos of human models with illustrated creatures and environments for the Oz scenes.
* ''[[Howard the Duck]]''
* The ''Warren Strong'' episodes of ''[[Tom Strong (Comic Book)|Tom Strong]]''.
* A section of the second volume of the comic book [[Promethea]] by Alan Moore and J.H. Williams III is done with photographs of the action rather than drawings.
* An issue of a ''[[Superman]]'' comic had Mr Mxyzptlk step out of the comic as it was being drawn and discuss the storyline with the staff of DC Comics. The sequence was done with photographs of the actual staff in their actual office, with a still-toony Mxyzptlk composited in.
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== Films ==
* The [[Trope Namer]], ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?]]''.
* [[Ralph Bakshi]]'s ''[[Heavy Traffic]]'', ''[[Coonskin]]'' and ''[[Cool World]]''. The latter gave this trope its alternate title, [[Noids and Doodles]].
* ''[[Monkeybone]]'', which was called a ripoff of ''Cool World'' by [[That Guy With theThe Glasses|Film Brain]], used this concept with stop-motion animation.
* ''[[Looney Tunes: Back in Action (Film)|Looney Tunes Back in Action]]'' and ''[[Space Jam (Film)|Space Jam]]''
** Before that, [[Bugs Bunny/Characters|Bugs Bunny]] teamed with Michael Jordan for a series of Nike commercials.
** Even earlier the Looney Tunes appeared in a Doctor Pepper commercial.
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* ''The Adventures of [[Rocky and Bullwinkle]]'' did this, with the title characters remaining animated and nearly everyone else portrayed by live actors.
** Lampshaded in the trailer, where the announcer brags about the film being "a groundbreaking blend of animation and live action." One of the characters says, "isn't that just like that Roger Rabbit movie?" To which Fearless Leader angrily replies, "NO! This is TOTALLY DIFFERENT!"
* ''[[Rock a Doodle|Rock-Aa-Doodle]]'', the only [[Don Bluth]] film to actually feature live actors.
* ''[[LolaRun RenntLola (Film)Run|Lola Rennt]]'' belongs in the second category, wherein the [[Art Shift]] goes unexplained. Three times in the film, the actress runs down the stairs from her apartment to the street below and inexplicably transforms into an animated character for a few seconds. Earlier in the film, she shares the screen with a cartoon man, a boy, and his dog.
** As for why, it was a pretty low budget movie. Animating that sequence saved them the cost of a dog handler and a stuntwoman.
* Disney used this for decades, starting with the [[Alice Comedies|"Alice"]] series, which started in 1923, and kept right on going through ''[[The Reluctant Dragon]]'', ''So Dear To My Heart'', the eternally un-re-released ''[[Song of the South]]'', ''[[Mary Poppins]]'', ''[[Bedknobs and Broomsticks]]'', and ''[[PetesPete's Dragon]]''. They're still using it today.
** There's also ''[[The Three Caballeros]]'', Walt Disney's [[Did Not Do the Research|"celebration"]] of Latin American culture featuring [[Donald Duck]] (American duck) teaming up with José Carioca (Brazilian parrot) and Panchito Pistoles (Mexican rooster). At one point, Donald and José do a little dance number with live-action entertainer Aurora Miranda.
** Although the animated segments in ''[[Fantasia]]'' are kept separate from the live-action intros, there is one scene in which Mickey Mouse runs up to the podium to shake Leopold Stokowski's hand. This is carried over in ''Fantasia 2000'', where Mickey then goes over to talk to James Levine.
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* Fred Willard and an ensemble of live-action extras share the screen with CGI animated robots on ''[[WALL-E]]''. Although in this case, they are only seen in footage of the past and thus never interact with the current-day cast.
** [[Word of God]] says the two styles are indicative of the (d)evolution undergone by humanity in the intervening centuries.
* The climax of ''The [[SpongebobSpongeBob SquarePants]] Movie'', as a continuation from the series, establishes that the cartoon characters are simply living in an otherwise live-action world when they get to the surface. The movie introduces the point that when the characters are dried up on land, they die and become live-action, inanimate sea objects- enough moisture will bring them back to their cartoony life.
* Detective Whiskers in ''The [[Last Action Hero]]'' is a cartoon cat in a detective outfit, but nobody but Danny sees anything weird about him.
{{quote| '''Jack Slater:''' He was supposed to be back. He was only suspended for a month. Now shut up!<br />
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'''Slater:''' He'll do it again tomorrow. What's your point? }}
* The Italian [[Affectionate Parody]] ''Allegro Non Troppo'' features more interaction with the cartoon characters, who periodically disrupt the live-action.
* ''[[Anchors Aweigh (Film)|Anchors Aweigh]]'' features a dance number with [[Gene Kelly]] and [[Tom and Jerry (Animation)|Jerry]].
** ''[[Family Guy]]'' had a parody of this, with Stewie Griffin replicating the scene short in its entirety, standing in for Jerry with Gene Kelly after an airplane rental service claimed to accept payment in the form of "cash, check, or a jaunty tune."
*** Speaking of ''Family Guy'', there was that moment in ''[[Bones]]'' when Booth ends up [[Justified Trope|hallucinating]] Stewie.
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* Back to Kelly again; his anthology film ''Invitation To The Dance'' features a segment based on Sinbad the Sailor set in an animated [[Qurac|Middle Eastern fantasy world]].
* Gene Kelly would take part in this trope again in the 1967 musical film "Jack and the Beanstalk".
* ''[[The Mask (Filmfilm)|The Mask]]'' presents an interesting case. The titular artifact transforms anybody who wears it into a bizarre living cartoon until daybreak, but although they convincingly defy reality in the way you'd expect from a [[Tex Avery]] cartoon, they're still portrayed by live-action performers. Otis the dog (from the sequel, ''[[Son of the Mask]]'') becomes [[Serkis Folk|all-CGI]] if he wears the magical mask, but Milo in the original only had a CGI head over the real dog's body.
* In the film version of ''[[The Phantom Tollbooth]]'', Milo becomes a cartoon after crossing the tollbooth. This leads to an amusing sequence in which he goes back and forth in disbelief until the tollbooth's voice tells him to [[Get On With It Already]].
* The movie of ''[[James and Thethe Giant Peach]]'' uses stop-motion for the scenes in the peach, with James turning into a puppet version of himself upon entering it, [[A Wizard Did It|due to the effect of the crocodile tongues]]. Within these scenes there is a [[Dream Sequence]] done in cut-out animation.
* ''[[The Pink Panther|Son of the Pink Panther]]'' opens with one of these, and several of the other films in the series end with one.
* Some may agree that ''The Many Adventures of [[Winnie the Pooh]]'' and [[The Tigger Movie]] would apply here. Both of them open in Christopher Robin's bedroom, and tour the young boy's room, looking over all the toys and stuffed animals, before approaching the book, while the narrator...er...[[Shaped Like Itself|Narrates]].
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* The main character of the short film ''[[Badly Drawn Roy]]'' is a cartoon while everyone else is live-action, including his parents. In-universe, this occurrence is a genetic improbability similar to white parents giving birth to a black baby and while remarkable, isn't considered unbelievable.
* The theatrical movie of ''[[Phineas and Ferb]]'' has been planned as this, although as of this posting it's still in the ''very'' early development stages.
* The opening of the [[Disney|"Best of Disney-]][http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4TuB_cNIaY 50 Years of Magic"] documentary shows Michael Eisner interacting with [[Mickey Mouse]]. [[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?|Roger Rabbit]] and [[Fantasia|a few others]] also appear.
* ''[[The Smurfs (Filmfilm)|The Smurfs]]'' is about smurfs ending up in the live-action human world. Also, Gargamel and Azrael are live-acted.
* In ''[[The Flintstones]] In Viva Rock Vegas'', cavemen are live-acted while dinos and other animals are animated.
* In ''[[Nine to Five]]'', cartoon forest animals appear in Violet's [[Imagine Spot|fantasy vision]] of doing in Mr. Hart (where she is dressed like Snow White).
* ''[[Happy Feet]]'' has animated animals and live-action humans.
* ''[[Five Hundred500 Days of Summer (Film)|Five Hundred Days of Summer]]'' [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tJoIaXZ0rw#t=01m31s has a scene with animated birds.]
 
 
== Literature ==
* ''[[Who Censored Roger Rabbit? (Literature)]]'' by [[Gary Wolf|Gary K. Wolf]] and the sequels, not-quite-sequels, [[Spiritual Successor|spiritual successors]], and short stories it spawned, (not to mention [[Adaptation Distillation|a much more famous]] [[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?|film adaptation]]) featuring an [[Alternate History|alternate 1947 Hollywood]] where the animated stars are just as real as the live-action film stars. Sadly out of print, these books are hard to get a hold of, but one of the short stories is available for free [http://garywolf.com/ at Mr. Wolf's website]
** Interestingly, unlike the movie, the book presents the Toons as comic-strip characters (talking via speech balloons, for instance) rather than animated cartoons. If memory serves, one scene has Eddie attempting to reattach Roger's nose first with tape and then glue.
* The [[Doctor Who Expanded Universe]] novel ''The Crooked World'' implies this -- the [[Planetville]] ''du jour'' is inhabited by cartoon characters. However, none of the protagonists seem to notice that the people they're interacting with are strangely coloured, although they do notice they're generally odd-looking and don't seem to work according to the normal laws of reality, biology, and so on, and the ([[Contemptible Cover|ridiculous-looking]]) cover features a cartoon of the Doctor, so it's not clear exactly what is going on.
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== Live-Action TV ==
* ''[[Walking Withwith Dinosaurs]]'' has CGI (or sometimes puppet) dinosaurs on live-action backgrounds, complete with footprints, splashes in water, kicking up dust, and even [[Squick|urinating]].
** Also, sometimes live-acted animals interact with animated ones, like animated ''Australopithecus'' watching live-acted vultures.
* Back in 1968, [[Hanna-Barbera]] released a short-lived series called ''The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn'', which featured live-action actors as Huck, Tom Sawyer, and Becky Thatcher, being pursued through various cartoon ''milieux'' by an animated Injun Joe.
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*** The series occasionally attempted some ambitious effects, such as having the human characters dance around their animated partners, first in front then behind.
* ''[[Out of Jimmys Head]]''
* ''[[Lizzie McguireMcGuire]]'' used a cartoon of the titular character to represent her thoughts.
* The [[Cold Open]] for one episode of ''[[The Drew Carey Show]]'' had Daffy Duck trying to apply for a job at Winfred Lauder.
** Similarly, a brief gag on ''[[Night Court]]'' features Wile E. Coyote as a defendant.
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* The Dancing Baby in [[Ally McBeal]].
* If we're including ''[[Greg the Bunny]]'' and ''[[Avenue Q]]'', then mention must be made of [[The Muppets]]. Both in [[The Muppet Show|their own show]] and [[Muppet Cameo|everyone else's]].
* On one episode of ''[[Monty Python's Flying Circus]]'', as [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=crIJvcWkVcs Mrs. Premise and Mrs. Conclusion] question how to put down dead budgies, one of [[Terry Gilliam (Creator)|Terry Gilliam]]'s cut-out animations from the previous link strolls by (it's really a blow-up on a large piece of board being carried around). The two old ladies greet it with a hearty "Good morning, Mrs. Cut-Out!"
** This was only one of many invocations, as the animations were often required to link together the live action sketches.
* ''[[Pumuckl (Radio)|Pumuckl]]'': The kobold protagonist of a German children's TV series. Everything else is live action; Pumuckl is animated.
* Done in an episode of [[Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide]]. Ned gets occassional help from [[The Fairly Odd Parents]], justified since it's an episode about daydreams, they're just hallucinations.
* ''[[Beavis and Butthead]]'' once appeared "live" at the MTV Music Awards via this technique.
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== Videogames ==
* ''[[Super Smash Bros]]. Brawl'', insofar as [[Metal Gear Solid|Solid Snake]] can be considered a normal human being. Or, for that matter, [[The Legend of Zelda (Franchise)|Link]], [[Metroid|Samus]], and any other "normal" human characters.
** And the coexistence of Link and [[The Legend of Zelda: theThe Wind Waker (Video Game)|Toon Link]].
** Sort of an odd case. In ''Melee,'' one of the Event Matches pits you against what the game calls the "[[Sliding Scale of Silliness Versus Seriousness|realistic]]" characters, presumably contrasted with the "cartoony" characters. But the supposedly realistic characters include the anthropomorphic animal [[Star Fox (Video Gameseries)|Fox]]. Go figure.
*** To be fair, Fox & friends are space aliens who just happen to look like a bunch of [[Funny Animal]] cartoon characters.
** And the Final Destination stage's changing background is meant to show the characters actually traveling from the video game world to the real world.
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* ''[[Toonstruck]]'', wherein the real world animator [[Punny Name|Drew Blanc]] (played by Christopher Lloyd) gets sucked into the toon world.
* Similarly, ''Comix Zone'' for the Sega Genesis.
* Consider the mere existence of a ''[[Pirates of the Caribbean]]'' world in ''[[Kingdom Hearts]] II''. It is a bit jarring, because it's done in a more realistic, grittier style than the anime/cartoon styles of the rest of the game. it's even [[Lampshaded]]. The protagonists are baffled upon landing on Port Royal and immediately comment that the world looks different. The same game also included a world inspired by ''[[Tron (Film)|Tron]]'', though the only live-action-style characters in that world were Tron himself and Sark.
** And now there's a ''[[Tron Legacy (Film)|Tron: Legacy]]'' world in ''[[Kingdom Hearts Dream Drop Distance3D]]'', using the same style.
* One TV special with ''[[Backyard Sports]]'' characters had Chuck Downfield (animated) talking with live-action NFL stars.
* [[Cosmic Osmo]] has a framed photo of himself with Jethro from ''[[The Beverly Hillbillies]].''
* [[Nicktoons MLB]] features both Nickelodeon characters and real MLB players.
* Some of the G-mod videos that have realistic characters interacting with cartoonish characters (i.e. ''[[Left 4 Dead]]'' characters interacting with ''[[Team Fortress 2 (Video Game)|Team Fortress 2]]'' characters) could count as this.
 
 
== Webcomics ==
* Sam Sprinkles, from ''[[Zebra Girl]]'', comes from an alternate dimension inhabited by cartoon animals (literally; they are the cartoons of the main ZG universe). In the process of saving his dimension, he ends up trapped in Sandra's.
* [[Love Me Nice]] takes place in a [[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?]]-like world where toons are a whole different species with [[Rule of Funny]] bred into the blood (it's apparently regarded as the toon equivalent of [[The Boondocks|nigga behavior]], judging by an argument Mac and Claire have on the subject), and cartoons are live productions made with toon actors. There's even a [[Toon Town|"Toon Quarter"]] (outside which items like bottomless handbags are contraband), but it's implied to be more like a toon ''ghetto''.
* The [[Platypus Comix]] story "True Believers" portrays such comic characters as [[Spider-Man]] as actual people, and such editors as [[Joe Quesada|Joe]] [[No Celebrities Were Harmed|Quesadilla]] as both their bosses and their gods (any possible comic-world occurrence they write down instantly happens to the characters).
 
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== Web Originals ==
* [[The Gaming Pixie]] does this when she travels inside the games she reviews.
* ''[http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4614551809359272199&q=fear+came&pr=goog-sl El Origen del Miedo] [How Fear Came]'' is a school video based on one of [[Rudyard Kipling]]'s ''[[The Second Jungle Book (Literaturenovel)|Second Jungle Book]]'' stories, in which some of the animal characters are played by kids in costumes while others are CGI. Obviously the animation is a bit crude, but you have to give them credit for ambition.
* [http://thatfellowinthecoat.com/animatedanalysis.php Animated Analysis] on ''[[Mr. Coat and Friends]]'' consists of a human reviewer, and a sentient drawing of a face who floats around.
* AniMae from the ''[[Global Guardians PBEM Universe]]'' is a "living anime" [[Action Girl]] superhero who possesses all the usual [[Magic Girl]] / [[Action Girl]] abilities, with the added benefit of being really hard to injure permanently because she's a cartoon.
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* Done in Behind the Scenes segments of the original [[Woody Woodpecker]] Show. [[Special Effects Failure|Due to the low budget animation however, it's botched pretty badly to say the least.]]
* Even earlier than the original [[Woody Woodpecker]] show, [[Walter Lantz]] briefly tried this out with an [[Oswald the Lucky Rabbit]] short, and used this even earlier in his [[The Silent Age of Animation|Silent Age]] ''[[Dinky Doodle]]'' shorts.
* The Disney series ''[[Bonkers (Animation)|Bonkers]]'' is similar to ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit?'', treating cartoon characters as actors. The titular bobcat is a washed-up cartoon star working as a cop in the "real world". If you're wondering how they pulled that off in pure animation, "Real" things and people were [[Real Is Brown|painted in a shade darker]] than "Toon" people and objects, as well as having a much more subdued range of motion and especially reaction. Humans were also drawn with [[Four-Fingered Hands|five fingers]], which becomes a plot point in one episode.
** The characters seemed to be [[Genre Savvy|aware]] that different physics applied to 'toon characters, and even referred to them like an ethnic minority.
* Disney's ''[[Alice Comedies]]''.
* [[Max and Dave Fleischer]]'s ''[[Out of the Inkwell]]'' shorts. This and the ''[[Alice Comedies]]'' are especially notable for being one of the first attempts at playing around with animation / live action blending.
* Briefly in the opening of ''[[Jackie Chan Adventures (Animation)|Jackie Chan Adventures]]''.
* [[Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi]] features an episode in which the live-action J-Pop stars sit on a couch with their animated manager, while the animated versions of the girls wonder who those two women are and [[Who Would Want to Watch Us?|who would want to watch them]].
* One time, [[Fairly Oddparents|the Nega Chin]] ''[[Crowning Moment of Awesome|beat up]] [[Patton Oswalt]]'', although the interaction between them [[Special Effects Failure|comes off as looking pretty fake]] due to the cartoon's comparatively stiff animation.
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** In addition, Cosmo and Wanda made a special guest cameo in a fantasy sequence on ''[[Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide]]''.
** The series finale ''Grow Up, Timmy Turner'' is live-action, but the fairies are animated.
* Infrequently done for comic effect on ''[[SpongebobSpongeBob SquarePants]]'' when the characters go on land. In one episode, they were all portrayed as [[Stylistic Suck|crude puppets]]. In ''The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie'', part of the climax even involves Spongebob and Patrick receiving help from an [[Adam Westing]] [[David Hasselhoff]].
* During the first year of [[Kids WB]], the stars of the sitcoms on [[The WB]] appeared in promotional spots and bumpers depicting them hanging out at the animated version of the Warner Bros. studio lot (as seen on ''[[Animaniacs (Animation)|Animaniacs]]'').
* Many of [[Tex Avery]]'s cartoons used live action:
** "TV of Tomorrow" has live action for all the televised images.
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* ''Homer³'', one of the [[Three Shorts]] of [[Halloween Episode|Treehouse Of Horror VI]] in ''[[The Simpsons]]'', ends with 3D Homer being transported into the real world (if you can call [[Los Angeles]] real). "Mmm... erotic cakes!"
** If you pay attention to the people around him, they seem very well aware that the strange, yellow man walking down the sidewalk isn't normal. None of them seem to do anything more than stare, however.
* In March of 1959 Cambria Productions came up with the show [[Clutch Cargo]], which used the then cutting edge idea of combining animated characters with live-action mouths superimposed onto their faces, called "Syncro-Vox", this show had the distinction of [[Uncanny Valley|horrifying its target audience]] and inducing more childhood nightmares than [[HRH. R. Giger]] could ever dream of. Cambria struck again a year later with ''Scott McCloud: Space Angel'' and also prepared a pilot based on the comic strip ''Moon Mullins'' (which did not get optioned as a series). Both used the Synchro-Vox technique.
* [[South Park]] had a two-parter featuring giant, real-life guinea pigs "rampaging" through town.
* In a truly bizarre example of this trope, in the late 40's, when [[Columbia Pictures]] was making live action [[Superman]] serials, in order to save money on the flight effect, they actually had Superman ''turn into a cartoon version of himself'' when he flew!