Postmodernism: Difference between revisions
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In general, postmodern writing involves a blurring of boundaries. An example of this is blurring the boundary between the reader or viewer and the fiction—for example, a TV show that acknowledges that it is not real. (Contrast [[This Is Reality]].) However, postmodernism can also be applied to fiction that mixes different genres into something new, such as the way that ''[[Cowboy Bebop]]'' [[Genre Busting|combines]] western tropes with science fiction and various movie [[Satire, Parody, Pastiche|pastiches]].
Here, '''
Postmodernism is also a popular school of thought in the social sciences and humanities, largely revolving around the idea that a cogent argument doesn't necessarily have to make points that are actually true, while arguments that may "''technically''" be true in some sense are not necessarily either convincing or valuable. [[Your Mileage May Vary]].<ref>Basically, an argument is only as good as the job you accomplish with it. ''([[Mind Screw|See?]])''.</ref>
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{{examples}}
== Meta-Example ==
* Anytime you see a '''Meta Example''', it's
== Advertisement ==
* Commercials have been experimenting more and more with
* Skittles: X the rainbow.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mv5U0W8FDDk\ It's a big ad!]
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** Not everything. Original Drafts recovered from the Series were far more coherent, and certain supplemental materials try to focus on that part instead of the actual reality that was shown. The Manga is also fairly low on Mindscrew in relation to the Anime, along with the Remake.
* ''[[Gintama]]'': References to other Jump series and characters (and the Jump staff) come up very often, from simply spoofing the names, like [[One Piece|"One Park"]] and [[Naruto|"Belt"]] (pronounced "Beruto" in Japanese), to just blatant shout-outs (see: the [[What Do You Mean It's Not Awesome?|sukiyaki episode]] where a [[Death Note|shinigami]] pops up at the end and <s>Zura</s> <s>Katsura</s> [[Super Mario Bros.|Katsuo]] during the [[Nintendo Wii|OwEe]] arc). Also, the characters are fully aware of their being fictional—to the point where Gintoki and Shinpachi call out events that would get the anime cancelled and where Gintoki insists that people (even characters ''within the show'') buy the DVDs from Sunrise.
* ''[[
* For being such a cute little [[Magical Girl]] show on the surface, ''[[Princess Tutu]]'' can be pretty
* The ''[[Haruhi Suzumiya]]'' anime starts with Haruhi directing a show about her purposes - to try to advance her purposes - which reveals more about the show than is first apparent.
* ''[[FLCL]]'' The characters, among other things, discuss how difficult it is to shoot a bullet-time kissing scene, just after having performed it.
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*** It's now a manga about a manga trying to get an anime while the manga itself is ''getting an anime''.
* ''[[Puella Magi Madoka Magica]]''. Not only does the art design of the Witch's Barriers evoke references to classical art and fiction, especially ''[[Faust]]'', but the main synopsis, and several of the episodes, such as episodes 9 and 12, brings back memories of familiar anime series such as ''[[Revolutionary Girl Utena]]'', ''[[Bokurano]]'', and ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion]]''. Even the ending, {{spoiler|in which Madoka rewrites the Magical Girl system to become more like the typical MG series of old, and, in a way, allowing shows such as ''[[Sailor Moon]]'' to exist, essentially, a [[Reconstruction]] of the genre after the [[Deconstruction]] that was the previous episodes}} feels very postmodern.
* Speaking of ''[[Revolutionary Girl Utena]]'', it lives on [[Deconstruction]] and
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== Literature ==
* [[Jorge Luis Borges]] practically invented the thing. For example, you have "[[
* Early on in ''The [[Illuminatus]]! Trilogy'', the narrator asks who he is and then says "oh, yes -- I'm a book". Later in the series, some characters come to the conclusion that the events are taking place in a book. {{spoiler|The super computer FUCKUP is first implied to be the author, but the characters disregard this "revelation" and conclude that the book they are in is outside their own universe.}}
* ''[[The City of Dreaming Books]]'' is narrated by the main character, who is a great fan of books and an aspiring writer himself, who constantly is addressing the readers with his musing on tropes and his own [[Genre Savvy|Genre Sawyness]], which [[Idiot Ball|isn't as high]] as one would expect. The novel is also a massive essay on the joy of reading books in general.
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** Ditto the ''Barry Trotter'' parody novels by Michael Gerber. It's a parody {{spoiler|which is actually a book about trying to stop a movie which turns out to be said movie which is actually revealed to be a parody of the movie written by the main character who has been watching a movie based loosely off his own life, which involved trying to stop the movie from being made}}. There's even a disclaimer at the back from the author, claiming that [[Mind Screw|if anyone has worked out what's going on]] that they are to let him know at once.
* ''[[Sophie's World]]'' by Jostein Gaarder.
* At the end of the book ''[[
* Robert Rankin uses this '''a lot'''.
* J. Robert King's ''Rogues to Riches'' has this at moments. In fact, it was how the heroes got past an orc dungeon guard. They convinced him they were in a book, and they would help him get a bigger role. The epilogue sees the orc still sitting patiently, waiting for them to fulfil their promise.
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* Some scholars consider ''[[The Confidence Man]]'' the first [[Po Mo]] book. The novel by [[Herman Melville]] is one big [[Mind Screw]] of social satire, religious symbolism and the author's own views, intertwined in a story that tests both the readers' and the characters' confidence in their morals.
* ''[[The Princess Bride (novel)|The Princess Bride]]''—the book, not the movie—is about the relationship between the reader and the writer, and goes so far as to tell the reader to choose his or her preferred ending. It also has multiple layers of unreliable fictional authors, including a grossly fictionalized [[William Goldman]], and the only thing everyone in all the layers of the book agree on is a triumph of Surrealism: "True love is the greatest thing in the world except for cough drops." It doesn't get more postmodern than that in a novel. Interestingly, the movie plays the same plot relatively straight, still with a metafiction framing but less intensely post-modern.
* [[The New York Trilogy]] by Paul Auster is a post-modern trilogy of mystery novels.
* ''[[The Third Policeman]]'' by Flann O'Brien has been retro-actively called the first real "classic" of the genre, even though it was written in the 1930s.
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* ''[[Alan Wake]]'' is this in spades. The best example has to be when a writer who wrote himself out of existence in his own stories, wrote into existence a childhood memory (and [[MacGuffin]]) of the main character...in a story the main character himself wrote after writting the other writer back into existence.
* The concept behind ''[[Omikron: The Nomad Soul]]'' was that the player's soul had been sucked into their computer and that they were able to directly inhabit the bodies of the characters they were controlling.
* All of [[
* The Avatar, the [[
* The 1980 Apple ][ game ''[[The Prisoner]]'' played with ideas of reality, just as the TV show it was based on did. At the start, the player is given a 3-figure number xyz, which they must not reveal to their enemies. At one point, the game will appear to crash with the error message "Syntax Error at line xyz". If the player types "LIST xyz" (as would be a common reaction to Apple ][ bugs --- surprise! [[Violation of Common Sense|You're still in the game, and you just lost.]]
* The [[Infocom]] game ''Deadline'', where you are a detective solving a murder, features a novelization of the game within the game. If you flick to the last page of the novel to find out how it ends, you find it ends with the detective shooting himself. Disgusted with yourself for cheating, you pull out your gun and shoot yourself.
* The post-''[[Umineko no Naku Koro ni|Legend of the golden witch]]'' tea party uses a combination of [[Animated Actors]] and [[Breaking the Fourth Wall]] to produce a powerful [[Mind Screw]] when the reader realizes that not only is this all ''canon'', everything in the preceding novel was as well. ...[[Mind Screw|Sort of]].
* At a seemingly random moment during the story, the action in ''[[
* ''[[Retro Game Challenge]]'' is a video game about the 8-bit era of video game history.
* ''[[Chrono Cross]]'' repeatedly blurs the line between the player character and the player, culminating in a [[No Fourth Wall|total demolition of the fourth wall]] during the game's [[Gainax Ending|notoriously bizarre]] denouement.
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* ''[[Survival of the Fittest]]'', in V3, exhibits this, mainly with Wade Wilson and Quincy Archer. Wade Wilson is repeatedly [[Breaking the Fourth Wall]], telling off his own narrator as he grows more and more insane. [[Meta Guy|Quincy Archer]] wrote a [[Character Blog]] before he came to the island, mainly about how Survival Of The Fittest was fake and about the tropes it used. Considering who Wade Wilson is [[Deadpool|named after]], this really doesn't come as a surprise.
* The point of [[The Abridged Series]].
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cPv7BIbyUoo Meta Anti Poop], takes all the editing techniques of [[
== Western Animation ==
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* ''[[South Park]]'' often features meta-references, such as the characters somehow becoming aware of Kenny dying in each episode.
** Another instance this editor found incredibly funny was in "Christmas in Canada", in which the boys are not only worried about missing presents but also their "Christmas adventure". And who can forget "Canceled", where they discover the whole world was a reality show run by aliens (in itself a parody of the [[Planet of Hats]] trope).
* Cartoons such as ''[[Animaniacs]]'', ''[[Freakazoid!]]'', and ''[[Tiny Toon Adventures]]'' make enormous (and often brilliant) use of this comedy.
** For example, even if you were in a space station orbiting Mars, [[Candle Jack]] will get y
** And now, a moment of silence for the brave, brave tropers lost. Again.
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== [[Real Life]] ==
* [
* Marshall McLuhan, Canadian philosopher, sociologist, and the father of media studies, may well have been a living [[Trope Codifier]] for Post Modernism. Aside from coining the phrase "The Global Village", he also had a lot of really ''out there'' theories. He stated that "The Medium is the message, and therefore the content is the audience". He believed that light bulbs were an information medium, and proclaimed "I refuse to appear on television, except on television" meaning that, if interviewed, he'd never set foot in a TV Studio himself, but rather talk through a TV screen. One can only imagine what he'd think of Troping... We know [[New Media Are Evil|exactly what he thought of the Internet.]] Remember, the term "global village" was an insult.
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[[Category:Meta Concepts]]
[[Category:Metafiction Demanded This Index]]
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