Montenegro

Known as Crna Gora in Serbian/Montenegrin, Montenegro ("Black Mountain") is one of the world's newest independent states, after an independence referendum in 2006 led to the breakup of Serbia & Montenegro.

However, Montenegro was already independent once in its history : During the later parts of the 19th century and a big part of the early 20th century, when it was a small Balkan monarchy. After WWII, it became a member state of Tito's Yugoslavia and the rest is history.

The capital city is Podgorica. The country is currently developing its tourist industry and is a candidate for the European Union and NATO.

Montenegro's appearances in fiction:

 * Casino Royale, although the filming of Montenegrin scenes took place in the Czech Republic.
 * Fictional detective Nero Wolfe hails from here, although he is mainly based in New York. He does come back once in the aptly named The Black Mountain to catch the murderer of his best friend.
 * Jay Gatsby received a medal from King Nicholas I. (since Montenegro was still an independent monarchy back then).